Canine influenza, commonly referred to as dog flu, is a contagious respiratory disease affecting dogs and, in rare instances, cats. In recent months, outbreaks of canine influenza have surfaced in various regions of the country, raising concerns among pet owners and veterinary professionals. Here’s what you should know to keep your furry friend safe.

What is Canine Influenza?

Canine influenza is caused by two strains of influenza A viruses: H3N8 and H3N2. These viruses spread through respiratory secretions, such as coughing and sneezing, as well as contaminated surfaces. The virus is highly contagious, particularly in environments where dogs are in close contact, including boarding facilities, dog parks, and shelters.

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms of canine influenza can range from mild to severe and typically appear within 2–4 days of exposure. Common symptoms include:

• Coughing (dry or moist)
• Sneezing
• Nasal and eye discharge
• Fever
• Lethargy
• Loss of appetite
• Difficulty breathing (in severe cases)

While most dogs recover within a few weeks, some may develop complications such as pneumonia, which can be life-threatening, particularly in puppies, elderly dogs, or those with underlying health conditions.

How is Canine Influenza Diagnosed and Treated?

If your dog shows symptoms of respiratory illness, consult your veterinarian as soon as possible. Diagnosis may involve:

• A physical examination
• Blood tests
• PCR testing (nasal or throat swabs)
• Chest X-rays (if pneumonia is suspected)

There is no specific antiviral treatment for canine influenza. Instead, treatment focuses on supportive care, which may include:

• Rest and hydration
• Cough suppressants (if recommended by a veterinarian)
• Antibiotics (if a secondary bacterial infection is present)
• Hospitalization and oxygen therapy for severe cases

Prevention: How to Protect Your Dog

The best way to protect your pet from canine influenza is through preventive measures, including:

• Vaccination: Canine influenza vaccines are available for both H3N8 and H3N2 strains. If your dog frequently interacts with other dogs, vaccination may be recommended.
• Avoiding High-Risk Areas: During outbreaks, limit visits to dog parks, boarding facilities, and grooming salons.
• Good Hygiene: Wash your hands and disinfect objects that come into contact with multiple dogs.
• Monitoring for Symptoms: Keep an eye on your pet’s health and seek veterinary care if any symptoms arise.

What to Do if Your Dog Gets Sick

If your dog is diagnosed with canine influenza, isolate them from other pets to prevent the spread of the virus. Provide a quiet, comfortable space for rest, and follow your veterinarian’s recommendations for care. Most dogs recover with proper supportive treatment, but it’s important to monitor for worsening symptoms.

Stay Informed

Canine influenza outbreaks can happen unexpectedly; therefore, staying informed about local cases is essential. Your veterinarian or local animal health department can provide updates on outbreaks and offer guidance on how to protect your pet.

By taking proactive steps, you can help protect your furry companion from canine influenza and promote their health and well-being.